What diseases do routine urine tests test for?
Routine urine examination is one of the most basic examination items in clinical medicine. By analyzing various indicators in urine, it can help doctors quickly screen for various diseases. The following is a compilation of content related to urine routine in the health topics that have been hotly discussed on the Internet in the past 10 days. Combined with medical knowledge, we will explain in detail what diseases can be detected by urine routine.
1. Core indicators of routine urine examination
| Check items | normal range | Abnormalities may indicate diseases |
|---|---|---|
| Urinary protein (PRO) | Negative(-) | Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, diabetic nephropathy |
| Glucose in urine (GLU) | Negative(-) | Diabetes, renal glycosuria |
| Urinary occult blood (BLD) | Negative(-) | Urinary tract stones, nephritis, tumors |
| White blood cells (LEU) | 0-5/HP | Urinary tract infection, prostatitis |
| pH | 4.6-8.0 | metabolic acidosis/alkalosis |
| Urobilinogen (URO) | Negative or weakly positive | Hepatitis, hemolytic disease |
2. Analysis of diseases related to recent hot searches
1.diabetes screening: Recently, a celebrity caused heated discussion after a physical examination revealed that his urine sugar was positive. Although urine glucose testing cannot diagnose diabetes, it can be used as a preliminary screening indicator and needs to be combined with blood glucose testing for further judgment.
2.asymptomatic urinary tract infection: Many users on the social platform shared the experience of "physical examination found elevated white blood cells but no discomfort." Doctors remind that the elderly and pregnant women may develop asymptomatic bacteriuria and require timely intervention.
3.Early detection of nephritis in children: A parenting blogger shared a case in which a child was diagnosed with post-streptococcal nephritis due to routine urine tests for proteinuria and red blood cells, triggering parents' attention to regular urine testing.
3. Examination focus for different groups of people
| crowd | Indicators that require special attention | Recommended frequency of inspections |
|---|---|---|
| diabetics | Urine sugar, urine protein, ketone bodies | every 3-6 months |
| pregnant woman | White blood cells, urine protein | Every prenatal check-up |
| Hypertensive patients | Urine protein, red blood cells | every 6 months |
| elderly | All indicators | 1 time per year |
4. Precautions for routine urine examination
1.urine retention time: It is recommended to use the first mid-section urine in the morning as it has high concentration and less interference.
2.Dietary effects: Avoid ingesting large amounts of vitamin C (may mask occult blood) and beets (may cause false hematuria) 24 hours before the examination.
3.Women's special period: Avoid examination during menstruation, as secretions may contaminate the sample.
4.drug interference: Some antibiotics and diuretics may affect the results, so you need to inform your doctor in advance.
5. Latest suggestions from experts (updated in 2023)
According to the latest guidelines from the Chinese Medical Association:
- Healthy adults are recommended to conduct routine urine examination once a year
- Those with positive urine protein need to do additional 24-hour urine protein quantification
- Repeated urine positive occult blood requires urine red blood cell morphological examination
Although the urine routine is simple, it can reflect the health status of the kidneys, metabolism, urinary system and other aspects. Several health cases that have been hotly discussed on the Internet recently remind us that regular urine testing is of great significance for early detection of diseases. When the test results are abnormal, you should seek medical treatment promptly for further diagnosis to avoid delaying treatment.
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